Professor and former rector of the Eduardo Mondlane University, Brazão Mazula, pointed out corruption as one of the evils that still plagues society, damaging the civil service and retarding the country's development.

The academic was speaking at a lecture held at the Pedagogical University of Maputo, organized by the Central Commission of Public Ethics and entitled "Integrity and Transparency in Public Service: The Challenge to Citizen Satisfaction.

Mazula listed corruption on five levels, using aquatic and terrestrial animals as analogies, namely: magumba corruption; grouper corruption; octopus corruption; fly corruption; and shark corruption. Mazula talked about magumba corruption, which is small, but at the end of the day damages the whole system, and the industry only realizes it when the damage becomes visible. He says it is a level of small-mindedness.

"The employees who take away light bulbs, a can of paint, a flush toilet, a bag of cement to benefit their self-construction. The managers who, for revenge, file the processes for the promotion of their subordinates using the tribe, region or religion", commented the Professor quoted by the newspaper Notícias.

According to Brazão Mazula, first president of the National Elections Commission (CNE), some corrupt people resemble the grouper, a fish that feeds on other fishes, acting alone, chasing its prey.

"They are the officials who seek to cover up, with certain tricks, the embezzlement of valuable assets that they subtract from the public treasury. They are difficult to catch, as they are of various species like the sea grouper," he said, pointing out that it is no easy task for the authorities to catch these officials, as they sail in deep waters of corruption.

The problems of corruption, according to Mazula, are notable and harm the development of public administration and the consequent lack of citizen confidence in public servants.

He also stated that, the case of octopus corruption, which seems tame and harmless and its bravery lies in its tentacles. These are the ringleaders of corruption, they are cunning and cunning, they seek to involve officials from other sectors so as not to appear alone, they use their tentacles to divert large sums of money from the public treasury, usually they are not low level officials, as in the octopus that those who eat the prey are not the tentacles, but the principals.

According to Brazão Mazula, some of the officials are only amazed when they are asked in court for the trial. For the academic, the solution lies in values-based education, with the involvement of the whole society, including family, school, religion, and the state.

"Everyone who gets involved in corruption has had no basic education in the family, which flows into arrogance, lack of respect for others, since he took office by luck and has no notion of what a human person is," he said.

According to Mazula, a corrupt person is like a fly that denounces something rotten, they are the ones who don't hold back when they realize that a sum of money circulates in a certain institution, and they don't miss opportunities to be in negotiations for large investment projects.

"Fly corruption is a kind of a terrorism that gradually kills. The fly is always a terrorist," Professor Mazula argued.

The speaker called the school's responsibility to educate in values, science, dignity, and respect for the public good, to form a healthy mind in a healthy body, and to ensure the integral education of its citizens so as not to slide into corruption, dubbed "shark corruption," officials who accumulate several positions as if there were no competent people in the country.